Tuskegee experiment

Latest News Update About tuskegee experiment: Friday, U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Health and Human Services expands, Kathleen Sebelius apologized for the actions of the U.S. Public Health Service. The experiment of the U.S. government, which lasted from 1946 to 1948 funding, was discovered by the historians of the healing of Wellesley College. Presumably this was done the test, when penicillin, while relatively new, could prevent infection of diseases intimately. The investigation came without notification utility, and was dark for monitoring decades.The researcher who led the work in Guatemala, also expressed its concern about the experience of barbarism in this country from Tuskegee, where from 1932 to 1972 scientists monitoring group 600 Blacks in Alabama, had syphilis, but do not know, but after the treatment of charity. It was the beginning of penicillin and EPH was deeply concerned about whether penicillin is used to prevent, not just healing, could be early syphilis infection and a better blood test for the disease is established, the dose of penicillin, the infection healed, and understanding the process of re-infection after healing. strict rules now clearly show that it unethical to experiment on people without their consent and that special measures required for working with vulnerable groups such as prisoners. But the rules do not exist in the 1940s.The U.S. government-funded experiment, which ran from 1946 to 1948, was discovered by a Wellesley College medical historian. It apparently was conducted to test if penicillin, then relatively new, could prevent infection with sexually transmitted diseases. The study came up with no useful information and was hidden for decades. The government researcher who led the work in Guatemala also was involved in this country’s infamous Tuskegee experiment, where from 1932 to 1972 scientists tracked 600 black men in Alabama who had syphilis but didn’t know it, without ever offering them treatment.

“We are outraged that such reprehensible research could have occurred under the guise of public health,” Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton and Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius said of the Guatemalan project Friday.
White House press secretary Robert Gibbs said President Barack Obama had been briefed about the situation and planned to call Guatemala’s president, Alvaro Colom.
“Obviously this is shocking, it’s tragic, it’s reprehensible,” Gibbs said. “It’s tragic and the U.S. by all means apologizes to all those who were impacted.”

Wofford, a 1941 graduate of the old Lincoln High School in Carthage, was one of a number of African-Americans trained as fighter pilots in a special training program at the famed Tuskegee Institute in Tuskegee, Ala.
He spent much of his later life speaking to veterans groups, school children and others about those times and the trials he went through, according to his son, Ken Wofford Jr., who lives in New York.

“He had a tremendously busy schedule up until the end as an in-demand speaker for everyone from veterans groups to high schools and elementary schools,” Ken Wofford Jr. said in a telephone interview with The Carthage Press. “He liked to talk to school children about the Tuskegee Airmen’s motto, ‘Aim High.’ He wanted to make sure kids did just that, aimed high.”
Ken Wofford Jr., was born in Carthage, but his father joined the Army and he and his mother left for Tuskegee when he was a baby.
In the 1940s, a prejudicial policy and mindset across the U.S. military said African-Americans were incapable of maintaining an aircraft and had to be segregated into colored units.
For the most part, blacks in the military served as stewards or in service units.
As an original Tuskegee Airman, Wofford flew P-40 and P-47 fighter planes during World War II.
He served in the 99th Fighter Squadron after training, a squadron made famous in the 1995 movie “Tuskegee Airman,” staring Lawrence Fishburn, Cuba Gooding Jr., and others.
Wofford returned to Carthage in April, 2003, and spoke to a number of groups, including students at Carthage High School, people at the Powers Museum and the public at the George Washington Carver National Monument.
He said there were many African-American pilots who had learned their skills in the U.S. or abroad in the 1940s, but ingrained prejudices prevented the pilots from showing their patriotism and serving their country.

During an address at Carthage High School on April 23, 2003, Wofford spoke about African-American pilots of the time, including Benjamin Davis, Jr., one of the main characters in the movie.

Wofford talked about being one of the original 13 pilots to begin training at the Tuskegee Army Airfield as part of a program that would continue to grow until the end of World War II.
He told the students said the success of the pilots and support crews in the African-American units was largely due to the education they received prior to enlisting in the Army.
“Initially, the Tuskegee school was an aviation experiment that was set up to prove that we would fail,” Wofford told reporters in 2003. “They wanted to prove that American Negroes did not have the capability to fly, and to show that they would be cowards in combat or that we couldn’t use the technology.
“They even built a separate airfield for us because they didn’t want us flying with the whites. The thing was, we were all academically qualified. Probably 80 percent of us had college degrees.”

Wofford spent 32 years as a pilot, serving on active duty in the U.S. Air Force through the Vietnam War.
He remained active in aviation after his retirement from the Air Force, including volunteering with the Commemorative Air Force’s Red Tail Project.
The Red Tail Project flies a restored P-51C Mustang fighter, similar to the plane the Tuskegee Airmen flew in World War II, painted silver with the red tail like the planes in the 99th and the 332nd fighter squadrons.
That airplane visited Joplin in 2001 for the Joplin Airfest immediately after restoration of the plane was completed.
Ken Wofford Jr. said his father will be laid to rest at 12:45 p.m. Friday at the Fort Snelling Military Cemetery in Minneapolis, Minn.
He said the CAF Red Tail group is talking about holding a reception and a flyby after the burial.

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